Definition
The total power in an AC circuit combining real power (watts) and reactive power (VARs), measured in volt-amperes (VA) or megavolt-amperes (MVA). Apparent power is the vector sum S = √(P² + Q²) illustrated by the power triangle, and it determines the current magnitude that conductors and transformers must carry. Equipment is rated in MVA because its thermal limit depends on total current, not just the real-power component — making apparent power the binding constraint when power factor is less than unity.
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Topic Deck
Electrical Engineering Fundamentals
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Source
FERC Pro Forma OATT / LGIP