2001 · Milestone

California electricity crisis

Market design flaws, drought, and supply shortages during 2000–2001 drove rolling blackouts and price spikes in California—reshaping FERC wholesale market rules and RTO governance.

Milestone Electricity

Historical era

Gas, nuclear & early renewables (1980–2004)

Natural gas and nuclear held steady shares while PURPA and tax credits seeded wind and solar.

Nearby on the timeline

Sources